How does OLED form an image——A brief introduction to LCD display manufacturers

How OLED Imaging——A Brief Talk of LCD Display Manufacturers Now, everyone can give full play to their imagination. Imagine that in the near future, our mobile phone may have a soft screen, which you can bend and fold. For sports enthusiasts, you can Bend it and fix it on your arm; face the transparent computer screen and enjoy the beauty brought by technology; even install multiple thin and light screens on the walls of your home to display various beautiful pictures and create a beautiful and harmonious atmosphere... all kinds of The idea may become a reality because of the emergence of OLED. What is an OLED screen? The full name of OLED is Organic Light-Emitting Diode, and the Chinese name is Organic Light-Emitting Diode. It is a kind of LED, which was discovered in the laboratory by Chinese-American professor Deng Qingyun. Compared with the widely used flat-panel display LCD, OLED has the characteristics of active light emission, high contrast, ultra-thin, low temperature resistance, fast response, low power consumption, wide viewing angle, strong shock resistance, etc., and is more suitable for flexible display and 3D show. OLED displays with many of the above advantages do not have the problem of being unclear from the side; there is no LCD image retention and screen jumping; it is not only cheap, but also saves power; compared with mobile phone LCD, the color is more vivid and the contrast is clearer. A full-color panel with a thickness of less than 2mm can only be achieved with OLED. If you want to know why OLED has so many advantages, you have to start with its working principle. How does OLED emit light? The typical structure of LCD for Samsung is shown in the figure. ITO (indium tin oxide) conductive film is used as the anode, metal is used as the cathode, and a layer of organic light-emitting material is deposited in the middle as the light-emitting layer. In order to understand the image, we can regard it as a sandwich. The lower piece of bread is made of metal material, and the upper piece of bread is made of organic transparent material ITO conductive film. The middle electron transport layer and hole transport layer are regarded as egg and hole transport layer respectively. Sausage, the organic light layer is the middle layer of bread. When the LCD for Samsung is powered on, the metal cathode generates electrons, and the ITO anode generates holes. Under the action of the electric field, the electrons pass through the electron transport layer, and the holes pass through the hole transport layer to meet in the organic light-emitting layer. Electrons and holes are positively charged and negatively charged respectively. They attract each other and are bound together under the action of attraction (Coulomb force). The combination of yin and yang forms excitons. The excitons excite the luminescent molecules, so that the energy of the luminescent molecules increases, and they are in an excited state, but the molecules in the excited state are unstable, and they want to return to a stable state. In a very short time, they release energy and return to a stable state. And the released energy is just sent out in the form of light, because the ITO anode segment is transparent, people just can see the light that it sends. The TV screen brings us a visual feast. There is not only one color, but the difference in color is caused by the different materials of the organic light-emitting layer. LCD for Samsung has such excellent performance, how is it manufactured? Here is a brief introduction to the processing technology between the millimeters. The preparation of organic light-emitting devices with good performance requires the use of many complex equipment and a clean environment. If possible, it should be carried out in an ultra-clean laboratory or workshop. First of all, prepare conductive glass with good conductivity and light transmission performance, commonly used ITO glass, and carry out photolithography to ITO glass to obtain a high-performance ITO glass substrate; secondly, the ITO substrate must be strictly cleaned. Then evaporate and deposit the organic thin film and the cathode; finally do the packaging test on the taken out device. Among them, evaporative deposition of organic thin films is the key technology. The methods for evaporative deposition of organic thin films include vacuum thermal evaporation, organic vapor deposition, spin coating and inkjet printing. Vacuum Thermal Evaporation Vacuum thermal evaporation is a standard deposition process for small molecule OLEDs. Until now, the longest-lived OLEDs have been produced by vacuum thermal evaporation. It is for this reason that today's small molecule OLEDs determine the commercialization prospects of OLED displays. After the ITO glass substrate is cleaned, it needs to be placed on the sample holder in the vacuum chamber and aligned with the beam source. At this time, the ITO glass plate is equivalent to the target, and the organic molecules evaporated in the beam source are bullets. Here, The bullet cannot hit the center of the target, but hits the target evenly. This method is a bit like putting a piece of glass at the rim of a cup filled with hot water, and gradually you will see a layer of white mist on the glass, but the conditions required here are much harsher.

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